As for the disadvantages of big size, long data link, large power consumption of traditional infrared thermal imaging system based on DSP+FPGA/CPLD, a novel solution of uncooled infrared thermal imaging systems based on System on Programmable Chip (SOPC)is proposed. Using SOPC can customize NIOS II soft-core processor, memory controller, the peripheral circuits and the other hardware components. Infrared image processing and display are realized by using NIOS II soft-core, which causes the system software and hardware to integrate highly in one chip. Compared with traditional infrared thermal imaging systems, the system owns characteristics of small size, low power consumption and stable performance.